In this chapter we discuss the many facets of the European Renaissance and the intellectual thought that led to this movement. This is one of the few chapters where a great deal of time is spent speaking of art history (which I am painfully inadequate in discussing). Whenever possible, the students are shown the actual works of art from the artists and much of the quiz on this chapter revolves around matching the specific artist with their particular works of art. Later in the chapter we cover the scientific revolution and speak in broad terms of just how much impact it had on the world as a whole. After discussing science, we move on to the protestant reformation and speak on the effects Martin Luther had on Christianity and religious thought in the modern world. We also make connections between what Luther said and the philosophy of later Europeans that created the modern world. Students always get a kick out of Henry VIII and his reasoning behind the creation of the Church of England near the end of this. Lastly, there is a brief discussion of the age of absolutism as a precursor to the important revolts of the next unit.